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Chapter 05-1锛氶夯鐑?/h1>

鈥滃Τ涓嶈\ue1da娌℃湁鍛婅瘔鎴戝Τ鏈夎繃鏁忕幇璞°傗?br />

娌欎笜澶\ue0a1汉涓鑴哥殑涓ヨ們锛屽悓鏃跺脊浜嗗脊閽堢\ue178銆?br />

璋\ue15f笂鏄\ue219釜澶у槾宸达紝濂硅繛淇濇湁鑷\ue044繁鐨勫皬绉樺瘑閮戒笉琛岋紒

鈥滆\ue1e9浜嗗張鑳芥庢牱锛熷弽姝ｄ綘浠\ue104兘浼氶兼垜鎵撱傗濈帇娴呮倝鍧愬湪娲佺櫧鐨勭梾搴婃部锛屼寒鍑烘墜鑷傜瓑鐫琚\ue0a3敞灏勩?br />

鈥滆\ue1e9浜嗘垜鍙\ue219互甯\ue1bcΤ璋冩暣鍓傞噺锛岃\ue180濡崇殑杩囨晱鐥囩姸涓嶈嚧浜庨偅涔堜弗閲嶃傗濇矙涓樺か浜虹敤閰掔簿妫夋摝浜嗘摝濂硅倶鍏宠妭澶勬诞鐜扮殑琛绠★紝鈥濇垜浠婂ぉ宸茬粡鎶婂墏閲忕粰绋閲婏紝濡冲簲璇ヤ笉鑷充簬鐩存帴鏄忕潯杩囧幓锛屼笉杩囨垜浠\ue103繕鏄\ue21a緱瑙傚療涓涓嬶紝鎵浠ユ垜寤鸿\ue185濡崇\ue787寮鍖诲姟瀹ゅ悗鐩存帴鍥炴埧锛屼笉瑕佸幓鐪嬬數褰憋紝涔熶笉瑕佸埌浜よ皧鍘呭幓銆傗?br />

鍛靛懙锛岀湅鏉ヤ箣鍓嶅拰璋\ue15f笂寮曡捣鐨勯獨鍔ㄨ繛娌欎笜澶\ue0a1汉閮界煡閬撲簡銆傛灉鐒舵槸濂戒簨涓嶅嚭闂\ue7d2紝鍧忎簨浼犲崈閲屻?br />

鐜嬫祬鎮夋噿寰楄\ue1e9鏄庡氨鏄\ue219笉鎯宠\ue766浜轰互涓哄ス浼氬幓鐪嬬數褰辨墠涔栦箹鏉ユ墦閽堢殑銆?br />

鈥濇垜鐨勫\ue629鏂逛笉鏄\ue219笁涓\ue045湀鍚楋紵搴旇\ue1da蹇\ue0a2埌浜嗗惂銆傗?br />

娌欎笜澶\ue0a1汉鍥炵瓟锛氣滄垜鏄ㄥぉ鍜屽Τ鐨勫尰鐢熼氳繃鐢佃瘽锛岃\ue1ec浠栨妸鐥呬緥杞\ue102粰鎴戯紝鎵浠ュΤ鐨勫\ue629鏂逛粠鎴戣繖閲屼篃鍙\ue219互寮銆傗?br />

濂逛袱鐪间竴缈伙紝鈥濈湡鏄\ue21aお濂戒簡銆傗?br />

娌欎笜澶\ue0a1汉瀹屾垚浜嗘敞灏勶紝鈥濆悗鏉ユ垜鍘绘壘浜嗕竴浜涜祫鏂欐枃鐚\ue1c6紝鐪嬪埌鏇剧粡鏈変釜妗堜緥锛屽ス鍦ㄨ繘鍏ラ潚鏄ユ湡鍚庣殑绗\ue100洓骞存墠寮濮嬫柦鎵撳偓鍖栧墏锛屾暣鏁存墦浜嗕袱骞村崐锛屾渶缁堝緱鍒颁簡濂界粨鏋滐紝鎵浠ュΤ鍊煎緱涓璇曘傗?br />

鐜嬫祬鎮夋捀涓嬪埗鏈嶈\ue57b瀛愶紝璧疯韩锛屸濋\ue6fb鍏堬紝濂规瘮鎴戞棭涓ゅ勾鍙戠幇锛屽啀鑰呭Τ涓嶈\ue74e寰楋紝鎴戠幇鍦ㄦ柦鎵撳偓鍖栧墏姣旇緝鍍忔槸瀵逛綘浠\ue100ぇ浜虹殑瀹夋叞鍓傦紵鈥?br />

濂逛笉鐭ラ亾鑷\ue044繁鍜岃碍娓婃兂鐨勪竴鏍凤紝濡傛灉鐭ラ亾鈥︹︿及璁′細鎹\ue76d釜璇存硶銆?br />

鈥滅户缁\ue15c傗濇矙涓樺か浜哄弻鎵嬫姳鑳革紝浼间箮瀵瑰ス鐨勮瘽鏈夌偣鍏磋叮銆?br />

濂逛究鏀惧紑浜嗭紝鈥濅负浠涔堟垜浠\ue101病鏈夋棭鐐瑰彂鐜版祬鎮夌殑鎯呭喌锛熶负浠涔堟垜浠\ue101病鏈夊湪濂逛箣鍓嶅療瑙夊ス鐨勯棶棰橈紵瀛╁瓙杩樺皬锛岄兘鏄\ue21b垜浠\ue102殑閿欙紝鎴戜滑蹇呴』鍋氬嚭寮ヨˉ鈹鈹浣嗘槸浣犱滑娌℃兂杩囷紝鎴戜笉鎯宠\ue766寮ヨˉ锛屾垜宸茬粡鎺ュ彈鎴戜笉瀛曠殑浜嬶紝鎴戝苟涓嶆兂鏁存暣涓ゅ勾鍗婇兘杩囩潃杩欑\ue752琚\ue0a2偓鍖栧墏澶哄幓澶滄櫄鏃堕棿鐨勭敓娲汇傗?br />

娌欎笜澶\ue0a1汉鐪嬩簡涓嬫墜琛\ue7d2紝鈥濅粠鎵撳畬閽堝埌鐜板湪宸茬粡杩囦簡涓夊垎鍗婏紝濡傛灉鏄\ue21a钩甯哥殑鍓傞噺锛屽Τ搴旇\ue1da宸茬粡寮濮嬪ご鏅曚簡鍚э紵鐜板湪鍛\ue76e紵鈥?br />

鐜嬫祬鎮夋劅鍙椾簡涓涓嬶細鈥濃︹︽病鏈夈傗?br />

鈥滃洖鎴垮幓浼戞伅鍚с備篃璁告槑澶╁Τ鍙\ue219互鍛婅瘔鎴戜粖澶╃殑鎯呭喌锛屾垜渚胯兘鍒ゆ柇鍓傞噺涓婄殑璋冩暣锛屾垜浠\ue104兘甯屾湜鑳芥姄鍒版渶鍑嗙‘鐨勯噺锛岃\ue180濡充笉浼氬け鍘诲Τ鐨勫\ue641鏅氱敓娲汇傗濇矙涓樺か浜洪佸\ue179浜嗐?br />

鐜嬫祬鎮夋尗璐ヤ綆鍚间簡涓澹帮紝鈥濇垜涓嶆兂鍐嶆墦浜嗭紒鈥?br />

娌欎笜澶\ue0a1汉杞\ue0ff负璁ょ湡锛氣濇湁涓鐐瑰Τ璇村\ue1ee浜嗭紝瀵瑰Τ鐨勭埗姣嶈岃█锛岃繖纭\ue1bc疄鏄\ue21a畨鎱板墏鐨勬晥鐢\ue7d2紝涓嶈繃瀵瑰Τ鑰岃█锛屾悶涓嶅ソ鐪熺殑鏈夋晥锛屽Τ涓轰粈涔堣繛灏濊瘯閮戒笉鎰挎剰灏辫\ue6e6鏀惧純锛熲?br />

濂硅\ue766闂\ue1bc掍簡銆?br />

濂瑰苟娌℃湁浠旂粏鎯宠繃涓嶆兂鎵撶殑鍘熷洜銆傚叾瀹炲ス閮藉彲浠ヨ交鏄撴帴鍙椾笉瀛曪紝閭ｅ\ue6e7鏋滃偓鍖栧墏鐢熸晥锛屽ス鍙堝彲浠ュ儚涓鑸\ue0ff汉涓鏍峰彈瀛曪紝褰撶劧娌′粈涔堜笉濂姐?br />

鎴栬\ue18f鈥︹﹀ス鍙\ue045槸绾\ue21c补鎯冲弽鎶楀弻浜插笇鏈涘ス鍋氱殑浜嬨?br />

鈥滀笉鐭ラ亾銆傚弽鎶楁湡鍚с傗濆ス鎾囧槾锛屾劅瑙夋墜鏈哄湪鍙ｈ\ue570涓\ue162渿鍔\ue7d2紝濂规帍鍑烘墜鏈猴紝涓嶆庝箞寮蹇冨嵈浠嶇ぜ璨屽湴璺熸矙涓樺か浜洪亾浜嗗啀瑙併?br />

鍑轰簡鍖诲姟瀹わ紝濂圭偣寮鏈遍煹鐨勮\ue186鎭\ue224紝涓婂ご寰堢畝娲佺殑鍐欎簡鈥濇睙妗撳嚭澶т簨浜嗭紝蹇\ue0a2埌澶хぜ鍫傛潵锛佲濄?br />

涓鍚\ue100埌鏄\ue21aぇ绀煎爞锛岀帇娴呮倝绔嬪埢鏈夊緢涓嶅ソ鐨勯\ue569鎰熴?br />

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浠婂ぉ澶хぜ鍫傛病鏈夊埆鐨勫畨鎺掞紝鎵浠ョ數褰辨敼鍒颁簡澶хぜ鍫傛斁鏄狅紝鍙\ue219互鎯宠\ue746鍦哄湴澶э紝浜哄氨澶氾紝鍦ㄩ偅閲屽嚭浜嬶紝杩樻湁鍙\ue21d兘灏忓槢锛?br />

濂圭珛鍒诲線澶хぜ鍫傝刀锛屼腑閫斾究寮濮嬫劅瑙夊埌涓嶅\ue1ee鍔诧紝濂规湰鏉ヨ窇鐫锛岄熷害鍗存笎娓愭參涓嬫潵锛岃韩浣撳井寰\ue1bc彂鐑\ue0ac紝鐪煎墠鐨勬櫙璞℃湁鐐瑰儚杩囩儹鐨勬煆娌硅矾锛屼骇鐢熶竴绉嶆壄鏇茬殑杩峰够鎰熴?br />

澶ф\ue6e7鍗佸垎閽熷惂銆傛矙涓樺か浜鸿皟鏁寸殑鍓傞噺锛屽欢闀夸簡涓冨垎閽燂紝涓嶇煡閬撹繖涓\ue044墏閲忎細涓嶄細璁╁ス鍍忎箣鍓嶆柇鐗囨槒鍊掍竴鏍凤紵

鐜嬫祬鎮夋湁鐐逛笉瀹夛紝濡傛灉鏄忓掓椂娌℃湁浜烘敞鎰忓埌骞舵帴浣忓ス锛屾憯鐮翠簡鑴戣\ue570鏄\ue21a緢鍙\ue21d兘鐨勪簨銆?br />

濂瑰仠涓嬫潵锛岀姽璞\ue0a5\ue1da涓嶈\ue1da鍥炴埧锛屽張鎯冲埌姹熸\ue518锛屽疄鍦ㄤ笉鏀惧績锛屽彧寰楀姫鍔涙墦璧风簿绁炪?br />

杩涗簡澶хぜ鍫傦紝濂瑰惊鐫楠氬姩锛屽彂鐜版槸鍦ㄤ簩妤肩殑鏀炬槧瀹ゃ?br />

鏀炬槧瀹ゅ\ue63b鎸ゆ弧浜嗕汉锛屼竴鍦堜竴鍦堝湴鍚戝\ue63b鍖呭洿锛岀敺鐢熷ぇ澶氬湪鍓嶉潰锛屼粬浠\ue101媿鎵撶潃鏀炬槧瀹ょ殑闂\ue7d2紝濂崇敓鍒欏湪鍚庢帓浣庡０璁ㄨ\ue191銆?br />

鐜嬫祬鎮夐殣绾﹀惉瑙佷簡鈥濈\ue6e6鐗団濅粈涔堢殑锛屼絾濂硅繃鏁忕殑鎯呭喌閫愭笎鍔犲墽锛屽媺寮哄惉杩涗釜澶ф\ue6e7鑰屽凡銆?br />

鍦洪潰澶\ue045贩涔憋紝濂规病鐪嬪埌鏈遍煹锛屼篃娌＄簿鍔涙壘浠栥?br />

鈥滄姳姝夛紝鍊熻繃鈥︹︹濆ス鍜曞摑锛屼几鎵嬫兂鎺ㄥ紑鍓嶉潰鐨勫コ鐢熷線閲岄潰鎸わ紝鍙屾墜灞呯劧杞\ue21d洞瓒寸殑锛屾病鑳芥帹鍔\ue7d2紝鍙嶈屽埆浜虹◢绋嶇敥寮濂癸紝濂瑰氨澶稿紶鐨勫線鍚庨浜嗕袱姝ワ紝鑳屾挒涓婁簡涓鍫电儹澧欍?br />

鈥滃\ue57e鈥濊繕浼稿嚭涓鍙屾墜鎺ヤ綇浜嗗ス銆?br />

鐜嬫祬鎮夌\ue0c7涓涓\ue044康澶存槸鑸掓湇锛屽儚鏄\ue21a啲澶╃潯鍦ㄦ俯鏆栫殑琚\ue0a4獫閲岋紝鐪肩潧鐩存帴灏遍棴涓婁簡銆?br />

鈥滆繖鏄\ue219竴涓\ue046帺绗戝悧锛熲?br />

杩樺ソ杩欏偛鎱㈢殑澹扮嚎锛屼护濂圭灛闂存竻閱掍簡浜涖?br />

鐜嬫祬鎮夋兂寰瀵规柟韬\ue0a1笂韫\ue160殑蹇靛ご灏戜簡浜涳紝鎻夋弶鐪肩潧锛屸濆苟涓嶆槸鈥︹︽垜鏄\ue21b潵鎵炬睙妗撶殑鑰屽凡銆傗?br />

濂规病鏈夎浆杩囪韩鏉ラ潰瀵硅嚜宸憋紝鎵浠ヨ碍娓婁綆澶存椂姝ｅソ鐪嬪埌濂圭殑鍚庨\ue56d銆?br />

澶х害鏄\ue21a彌閫嗭紝鐜嬫祬鎮夌殑澶村彂鍓\ue044緱寰堢煭锛屽儚涓\ue044皬鐢风敓涓鏍凤紝涓嶈繃杩欐牱鍙嶈屼腑鍜屾帀濂归偅鑲¤繃浜庡獨鎯戞х殑姘旇川銆傛病鏈変汉涓嶈\ue17b鍚屽ス寰堥傚悎杩欎釜鍙戝瀷锛屾湁浜涗汉鈥︹︿笉绠℃槸鐢锋槸濂筹紝鐢氳嚦绉拌繖鍙\ue0a4簿鐏电郴鐭\ue15e彂銆?br />

鍙\ue21b槸杩欎細鍎垮\ue1ee鐫濂逛慨闀垮張鑲岃偆缁嗚吇鑴栧瓙锛屼粬鏈夌偣鎬鐤戔濅腑鍜屸濊繖涓\ue047\ue1e9娉曘?br />

澶\ue046粏浜嗐備粬鎯炽備粬灏辨病鏈夌湅杩囪皝鐨勮剸瀛愬儚濂硅繖鑸\ue102粏鐨勶紝浠栦竴鍙\ue045墜灏卞彲浠ユ暣涓\ue046洊浣忋?br />

寰堝\ue63f鐢风敓閮戒細璁ㄨ\ue191绗\ue0ff竴鐪肩湅涓涓\ue044コ鐢熺殑鍝\ue043釜閮ㄤ綅锛岀瓟妗堟湁寰堝\ue63f锛氳劯銆佺溂鐫涖佸眮鑲°佸ぇ鑵跨敋鑷虫槸鑳革紝鐒惰岃繖浜涘湪淇℃伅绱犵殑褰卞搷涓嬮兘姣斾笉杩囧コ鐢熺殑鍚庨\ue56d锛屽洜涓鸿吅浣撳湪閭ｉ噷锛屼粬浠\ue101湰鑳界殑浼氬線淇℃伅绱犳渶娴撻儊鐨勪綅缃\ue1c0潬杩戙?br />

鎵浠ョ洴鐫涓涓\ue044コ鐢熺殑鍚庨\ue56d鐪嬶紝鏈夋椂鍊欐瘮鐩\ue21c潃濂圭殑鑳哥湅鏇村啋鐘\ue218?br />

璋\ue15f笂鍋滅暀浜嗗皢杩戝崐鍒嗛挓锛屾墠灏嗚\ue74b绾跨Щ寮锛屾敞鎰忓埌濂规憞鎽囨檭鏅冪殑銆?br />

鈥滃Τ鈥︹︹濅粬鍙戠幇鑷\ue044繁灞呯劧蹇樹簡鍗婂垎閽熷墠濂硅\ue1e9杩囩殑璇濓紝鈥濅粈涔堬紵鈥?br />

鈥滀汉澶\ue044\ue63f浜嗏︹︹濅技鏄\ue21b病鍚\ue100埌浠栫殑闂\ue1c0\ue57d锛岀帇娴呮倝鍠冨杻鑷\ue047\ue1e2銆?br />

濂逛粠娌″湪浜哄\ue63f鐨勫湴鏂圭姱杩囨晱鐥囷紝杩欎箞澶氫汉璁╁ス鏇翠笉鑸掓湇锛岃８闇插湪澶栧ご鐨勮倢鑲ゅソ鍍忎笉鏂\ue161\ue766闈欑數鐢靛埌锛屽ス鎰熻\ue74e鏃㈢劍韬佸張閰歌蒋鏃犲姏銆?br />

濂瑰繀椤诲揩鐐规壘鍒版睙妗撱?br />

涓嬪畾鍐冲績锛岀帇娴呮倝鍐冲畾瀵绘眰鍚堜綔锛屽ス鍥炲ご瀵硅碍娓婅\ue1e9锛氣濅綘鍜屾垜鏉ョ殑鐩\ue1be殑涓鏍峰惂锛熲?br />

璇村畬濂规墠娉ㄦ剰鍒颁粬韬\ue0a5竟杩樼珯浜嗕竴涓\ue044コ瀛╁瓙銆?br />

鐜嬫祬鎮変篃璁跺紓鑷\ue044繁鍦ㄥ\ue6e7姝や笉鑸掓湇鐨勬儏鍐典笅锛岃繕鑳藉垎鍑哄績鎬濆幓鎯筹紝杩欎釜鎷ユ湁涓澶寸儫鐏拌摑鍙戣壊鍜屾\ue5da鑹茬溂鐝犵殑濂冲\ue122鍙

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鈥滄垜鍚\ue100嚭鏉ヤ簡銆傗濊碍娓婄毊绗戣倝涓嶇瑧銆?br />

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鈥滃Τ鎵句粬骞蹭箞锛熲?br />

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鈥滃惖浠涔堬紵鈥?br />

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鍠旓紝浠栨槸鍦ㄨ\ue1e9浠栦滑銆?br />

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鈥滅珯寰楃ǔ鍚楋紵鈥濅粬浜嗚В鑷\ue044繁鐨勪俊鎭\ue21c礌濞佸帇绋嬪害鏈夊\ue63f寮猴紝鍒\ue0a4湅鍦ㄥ満鐨勪汉濂藉儚閮芥槸鎬曟児浜嗕粬鎵嶄笉鍔\ue7d2紝瀹為檯涓婃槸涓鍔ㄥ氨瑕佽藩銆?br />

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杩樻槸浠栧\ue6ed濂介椈鈥︹?br />

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鐜嬫祬鎮夋棤鏆囩\ue178浠栵紝濂瑰緢涓嶅\ue190鏄撴墠缁存寔绋冲綋鐨勬\ue11e浼愯蛋鍒版斁鏄犲\ue17b闂ㄥ彛锛屽ス鍏堣浆鍔ㄩ棬鎶婏紝纭\ue1bf\ue17b闂ㄨ\ue766閿佷笂锛屼究鏁叉暡闂\ue7d2紝瀵圭潃閲屽ご璇达細鈥濇睙妗擄紝鏄\ue21b垜銆傗?br />

璋\ue15f笂闅愮

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害闂诲埌浜嗙敺鎬т俊鎭\ue21c礌鐨勫懗閬擄紝鍦ㄥ満闄や簡浠栦负浜嗗帇鍒朵紬浜洪噴鏀惧嚭鐨勪俊鎭\ue21c礌浠ュ\ue63b锛屾病鏈夊叾浠栦汉锛屾墍浠ュ綋闂ㄤ粠閲岄潰琚\ue0a3墦寮锛屽ぇ閲忕殑淇℃伅绱犺敁寤跺嚭鏉ワ紝浠栫珛鍒荤煡閬撲笉濡欍?br />

閲屽ご鐨勪汉鏃╂湁棰勮皨銆?br />

鐜嬫祬鎮夎\ue766寮虹儓鐨勫疀濡傜伡鐑\ue15f矙婕犺\ue180浜虹獟鎭\ue21c殑淇℃伅绱犵粰鎾炲緱鏅曞ご鎾炲悜锛岄兘杩樻病鐪嬫竻妤氾紝灏辩粰涓鎶婃嫋浜嗚繘鍘汇?br />

寰呰碍娓婂弽搴旇繃鏉ワ紝闂ㄥ凡缁忛噸鏂拌\ue766閿佷笂銆?br />

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